I. Health Resources

1. Total Number of Medical and Health Institutions

By the end of 2022, the total number of medical and health institutions nationwide reached 1,032,918, an increase of 1,983 compared to the previous year. This includes 36,976 hospitals, 979,768 primary healthcare institutions, and 12,436 specialized public health institutions. Compared to the previous year, there was an increase of 406 hospitals and 1,978 primary healthcare institutions. Across the country, there were a total of 13 categories of National Medical Centers and regional medical centers specializing in children's healthcare.

 

Within the category of hospitals, there were 11,746 public hospitals and 25,230 private hospitals. Hospitals were classified into three levels: 3,523 were Grade III hospitals (including 1,716 Grade III-A hospitals), 11,145 were Grade II hospitals, 12,815 were Grade I hospitals, and 9,493 were unclassified hospitals.

 

2. Total Number of Health Personnel

By the end of 2022, the total number of health personnel in the country was 14.41 million, an increase of 425,000 (3.0%) compared to the previous year. Among these health personnel, there were 4.43 million practicing (assistant) physicians and 5.22 million registered nurses. The distribution of health personnel at the end of 2022 was as follows: 8.748 million in hospitals (accounting for 60.7%), 4.551 million in primary healthcare institutions (accounting for 31.6%), and 979,000 in specialized public health institutions (accounting for 6.8%).

 

3. Total Health Expenditure

The preliminary estimate of China's total health expenditure in 2022 was 8,484.67 billion yuan, including government health expenditure of 2,391.64 billion yuan (28.2%), social health expenditure of 3,801.58 billion yuan (44.8%), and individual health expenditure of 2,291.45 billion yuan (27.0%). The per capita total health expenditure was 6,010.0 yuan, and health expenditure accounted for 7.0% of GDP.

 

II. Medical Services

1. Outpatient and Inpatient Volume

In 2022, the total number of medical visits in China was 8.42 billion, which was roughly consistent with the previous year. The average number of visits to medical and healthcare institutions per resident in 2022 was 6.0 times. Among the total number of medical visits in 2022, hospitals accounted for 3.82 billion visits (45.4%), primary healthcare institutions for 4.27 billion visits (50.7%), and other healthcare institutions for 0.33 billion visits (3.9%). Compared to the previous year, hospital visits decreased by 60 million, while visits to primary healthcare institutions increased by 20 million.

 

In 2022, public hospitals had 3.19 billion medical visits (83.4% of the total hospital visits), and private hospitals had 0.63 billion medical visits (16.6% of the total hospital visits). In 2022, township health centers and community health service centers (stations) had 2.04 billion medical visits, an increase of 40 million compared to the previous year. The medical visits to township health centers and community health service centers (stations) accounted for 24.2% of the total medical visits, an increase of 0.7 percentage points compared to the previous year.

 

2. Improving Medical Services

As of the end of 2022, 55.5% of public hospitals at the Grade II level and above offered appointment-based medical visits, 90.8% implemented clinical pathway management, 65.8% provided remote medical services, 88.2% participated in mutual recognition of examination results at the same level, and 92.2% provided high-quality nursing services.

 

3. Blood Supply Assurance

In 2022, the total number of voluntary blood donations reached 16.03 million, with a blood collection volume of 27.60 million units, and a blood donation rate of 11.5 per thousand people.

 

III. Disease Control and Public Health

Infectious Disease Reporting, Incidence, and Mortality

In 2022, the reported incidence of Class A and Class B infectious diseases (excluding COVID-19) in the country was 2.431 million cases, with 20,000 reported deaths. The top five reported diseases in terms of incidence were viral hepatitis, pulmonary tuberculosis, syphilis, gonorrhea, and brucellosis, accounting for 93.4% of the total reported cases of Class A and Class B infectious diseases. The top five reported diseases in terms of mortality were HIV/AIDS, pulmonary tuberculosis, viral hepatitis, rabies, and epidemic hemorrhagic fever, accounting for 99.8% of the total reported deaths from Class A and Class B infectious diseases.

 

IV. Maternal and Child Health and Aging

Maternal and Child Health

In 2022, the rate of antenatal care for pregnant women was 97.9%, and the rate of postpartum visits was 96.5%. Compared to the previous year, both the antenatal care rate and postpartum visit rate increased. The inpatient delivery rate in 2022 was 99.94%, achieving virtually all inpatient deliveries. In 2022, the systematic management rate for children under 3 years old reached 93.3%, and the systematic management rate for pregnant women reached 93.6%, both showing improvement compared to the previous year.

 

National Free Preconception Health Examination Program

Free preconception health examinations are widely conducted in all regions of the country, providing health education, health checks, risk assessments, and counseling for rural couples planning to conceive. In 2022, a total of 8.162 million couples planning to conceive received free examinations, with an average coverage rate of 91.8% for the target population. Those identified as at-risk individuals received targeted counseling and guidance, as well as referrals for treatment, effectively reducing the risk of birth defects through preconception preventive measures.

 

Promoting Elderly Health Services and Integrated Medical and Care Services

As of the end of 2022, there were 6 national clinical medical research centers for elderly diseases nationwide. There were 5,909 general hospitals with geriatric medicine departments at the Grade II level and above, 8,627 general hospitals and 19,494 primary healthcare institutions that had been transformed into elderly-friendly healthcare institutions. Additionally, 4,259 medical institutions had established hospice care departments. There were 84,000 pairs of healthcare and elderly care service institutions that had signed cooperative agreements, and a total of 6,986 healthcare and elderly care integrated institutions had both the necessary licenses for medical practice and elderly care institution records.